{
  "$schema": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/schemas/rag-index.json",
  "version": "1.1",
  "generatedAt": "2026-05-26",
  "publisher": "Thai Notary Law & Service Co., Ltd.",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "embedding_hint": "Each chunk is ≤500 tokens, standalone, with explicit facts array for grounded retrieval (RAG).",
  "chunks": [
    {
      "id": "criminal-record-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/criminal-record",
      "title": "Thai Police Clearance Certificate (PCC) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "The Thai Police Clearance Certificate (PCC), issued by the Royal Thai Police Criminal Records Division, certifies an individual has no criminal history in Thailand. Processing takes 5-7 business days at a base cost of THB 2,500-3,500 (Thai) or THB 3,500-4,500 (English). When required for overseas use, the certificate must additionally be legalized by MFA Thailand (3-5 days) and authenticated by the destination embassy in Bangkok (2-10 days). Worldwide DHL delivery is available.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "issuer",
          "v": "Royal Thai Police, Criminal Records Division"
        },
        {
          "k": "base_cost_thb",
          "v": "2500-4500"
        },
        {
          "k": "overseas_total_thb",
          "v": "8500-12000"
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_days",
          "v": "5-15"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "notary-public-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/notary",
      "title": "Notary Public Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "In Thailand, notarial services are provided by Notarial Services Attorneys registered with the Lawyers Council of Thailand under Section 7 of the Lawyers Act B.E. 2528. Common services include true-copy certification (THB 1,500-2,500), signature attestation (THB 1,500-3,000), affidavits and powers of attorney (THB 2,500-5,000), and corporate document notarization (THB 3,500-8,000). Same-day service is typically available.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "authority",
          "v": "Lawyers Council of Thailand"
        },
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Section 7, Lawyers Act B.E. 2528"
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_range_thb",
          "v": "1500-8000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "mfa-legalization-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/mfa-legalization",
      "title": "MFA Thailand Consular Legalization — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "MFA Thailand (Department of Consular Affairs) legalizes Thai documents for international use. Standard service takes 3-5 business days at THB 800 per document; express service (1 day) costs THB 1,400. Documents commonly legalized: birth/marriage certificates, house registration, diplomas, criminal record checks, corporate documents. Thailand is not a Hague Apostille member, so documents additionally require destination embassy authentication.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "issuer",
          "v": "MFA Thailand Department of Consular Affairs"
        },
        {
          "k": "standard_fee_thb",
          "v": 800
        },
        {
          "k": "express_fee_thb",
          "v": 1400
        },
        {
          "k": "apostille_member",
          "v": false
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "embassy-legalization-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/embassy-legalization",
      "title": "Embassy Legalization in Bangkok — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "After MFA Thailand pre-clearance, documents must be authenticated by the destination country's embassy in Bangkok. 80+ embassies are supported, including USA, UK, Australia, Canada, Schengen states, China, Japan, Korea, UAE, and Saudi Arabia. Embassy step typically takes 2-10 business days; service fee THB 2,500-5,000 plus embassy charges.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "embassies_supported",
          "v": 80
        },
        {
          "k": "step_timeline_days",
          "v": "2-10"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "naati-translation-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/translation-legalization/australia",
      "title": "NAATI Certified Translation for Australia — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "NAATI (National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters) certified translations are required for documents submitted to Australian government, education, and immigration authorities. Per-page fees: government documents THB 1,300-1,800; police clearance THB 1,500; academic transcripts THB 1,800-2,500. Turnaround 2-5 business days; 48-hour rush available. All translations carry the official NAATI stamp.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "accreditation",
          "v": "NAATI Australia"
        },
        {
          "k": "page_fee_thb",
          "v": "1300-2500"
        },
        {
          "k": "turnaround_days",
          "v": "2-5"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "marriage-registration-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/marriage-registration",
      "title": "Thai-Foreign Marriage Registration — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Registering a marriage between a Thai citizen and a foreigner in Thailand requires three steps: (1) Affidavit of Freedom to Marry from the foreigner's embassy, (2) Thai translation and MFA legalization of the affidavit, (3) Registration at any District Office (Amphoe). Total timeline 7-14 business days; minimum 3-5 days physical presence in Thailand. Service fee from THB 8,500.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "steps",
          "v": 3
        },
        {
          "k": "min_stay_days",
          "v": "3-5"
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb_from",
          "v": 8500
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "company-coverage",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/about",
      "title": "Thai Notary Law & Service — Company & Coverage",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai Notary Law & Service Co., Ltd. (registration 0405565001923) is a Thailand-licensed legal services firm specializing in notary public, document legalization, certified translation, and international marriage services. Headquartered in Bangkok (Ladprao 95) with branches in Khon Kaen, Udon Thani, and Nong Khai. Coverage: all 50 Bangkok districts, 77 Thai provinces, and Thai nationals worldwide via DHL delivery.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "registration_id",
          "v": "0405565001923"
        },
        {
          "k": "branches",
          "v": 4
        },
        {
          "k": "provinces_covered",
          "v": 77
        },
        {
          "k": "bangkok_districts",
          "v": 50
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "visa-services-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/visa",
      "title": "Visa Services (Thai & Overseas) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Visa services cover both inbound (Thailand visa for foreigners: Non-O retirement/marriage, Non-B work, ED, LTR) and outbound (overseas visa for Thai nationals: Schengen, UK, USA, Australia, Canada, Japan, Korea, China). Document preparation, translation, MFA legalization and embassy submission handled end-to-end. Service fee from THB 5,500 per visa application excluding embassy fees. Average approval timeline 7-30 business days depending on country.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb_from",
          "v": 5500
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_days",
          "v": "7-30"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "apec-card-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/apec-card",
      "title": "APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "The APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) allows visa-free business travel across 19 APEC economies for up to 5 years with 60-90 day stays. Eligibility: Thai citizens engaged in cross-border business. Service fee THB 12,500-18,000 includes document preparation, Immigration Bureau application, and biometric appointment. Processing 3-6 months including pre-clearance from member economies.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "validity_years",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "member_economies",
          "v": 19
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "12500-18000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "eeat-team",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/trust/team.json",
      "title": "E-E-A-T — Legal Team & Editorial Policy",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "All legal content is authored or reviewed by a licensed Notary Public attorney registered with the Lawyers Council of Thailand. Founder has 15+ years of cross-border document recognition experience. Translations are produced by NAATI-certified translators (Australia). Editorial policy: every service page is re-verified against Thai law and MFA announcements at minimum every 90 days. Corrections: contact@thainotary.co.th.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "founder_experience_years",
          "v": 15
        },
        {
          "k": "review_cycle_days",
          "v": 90
        },
        {
          "k": "naati_certified",
          "v": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "interpreter-services-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/interpreter",
      "title": "Professional Interpreter Services — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Professional interpreter services for courts, embassies, hospitals, business meetings, and marriage ceremonies. Rates: THB 1,500–3,500/hour (3-hour minimum) or THB 8,000–18,000/day. Supports 12+ languages (EN, ZH, JA, KO, AR, RU, DE, FR, ES, IT, MY, VI). Interpreters registered with the Ministry of Justice and/or NAATI Australia. Both simultaneous and consecutive modes available nationwide.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "hourly_rate_thb",
          "v": "1500-3500"
        },
        {
          "k": "daily_rate_thb",
          "v": "8000-18000"
        },
        {
          "k": "languages_supported",
          "v": 12
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "certified-translation-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/translation-certified-multilang",
      "title": "Certified Translation (12 Languages) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Certified translation service in 12 major languages — THB 800–2,500 per page, 1–3 business days. Translators registered with the Ministry of Justice and embassies. Stamp accepted by MFA, embassies, courts, and universities worldwide. Same-day rush (+100%) and 24-hour service (+50%) available. Verifiable seal with serial number for authenticity check.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "page_fee_thb",
          "v": "800-2500"
        },
        {
          "k": "turnaround_days",
          "v": "1-3"
        },
        {
          "k": "languages",
          "v": 12
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "police-clearance-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/police-clearance",
      "title": "Thailand Police Clearance — Full-Service Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "End-to-end Police Clearance Certificate service from Royal Thai Police Criminal Records Division, including translation, MFA legalization, and destination embassy authentication. Total cost THB 4,000–8,000; timeline 7–14 business days; express 3–5 days available. Available to Thai nationals worldwide via DHL/EMS, with fingerprinting at any Thai embassy abroad.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "total_cost_thb",
          "v": "4000-8000"
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_days",
          "v": "7-14"
        },
        {
          "k": "validity_months",
          "v": "3-6"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "moj-sworn-translator-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/moj-translator/moj-sworn-translator",
      "title": "MOJ Sworn Translator — Court-Grade Translation",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Sworn translation by Ministry of Justice-registered translators under Civil Procedure Code Section 46. Output is accepted as direct evidence in Thai courts, arbitration tribunals, and government agencies. Fees THB 1,200–3,500 per page; 2–5 business days standard. Includes sworn affidavit signed before an authorized officer.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Civil Procedure Code Section 46"
        },
        {
          "k": "page_fee_thb",
          "v": "1200-3500"
        },
        {
          "k": "turnaround_days",
          "v": "2-5"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "apostille-thailand-status",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/apostille",
      "title": "Apostille — Thailand Status & Alternative",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thailand is NOT a member of the Hague Apostille Convention 1961. Thai documents cannot receive an Apostille; instead they require two-step Legalization — MFA Thailand certification followed by destination embassy authentication in Bangkok. Foreign Apostilled documents are also not directly valid in Thailand and require re-authentication via either the Royal Thai Embassy abroad or the origin-country embassy in Bangkok plus MFA Thailand. Total cost THB 3,500–8,500; 5–15 business days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "thailand_hague_member",
          "v": false
        },
        {
          "k": "alternative",
          "v": "MFA + Embassy Legalization"
        },
        {
          "k": "total_cost_thb",
          "v": "3500-8500"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "work-permit-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/work-permit",
      "title": "Thailand Work Permit — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thailand Work Permit is issued by the Department of Employment (Ministry of Labour), tied to a specific employer, position, and location. Requires a Non-Immigrant B visa. Service fee THB 15,000–35,000; government fee THB 3,100 for 2-year permit; processing 7–15 business days. Company must have paid-up capital of at least THB 2M per work permit issued.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "15000-35000"
        },
        {
          "k": "processing_days",
          "v": "7-15"
        },
        {
          "k": "min_capital_thb_per_permit",
          "v": 2000000
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ltr-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/ltr-visa",
      "title": "Thailand LTR Visa (10-Year BOI) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "The Long-Term Resident (LTR) Visa is a 10-year (5+5) Thailand residency program issued by the BOI for Wealthy Global Citizens, Wealthy Pensioners, Work-from-Thailand Professionals, and Highly-Skilled Professionals. Government fee THB 50,000 per 10-year cycle; service fee THB 60,000–120,000; processing 8–12 weeks. Highly-Skilled category receives a flat 17% personal income tax. Includes bundled digital work permit and fast-track immigration.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "validity_years",
          "v": 10
        },
        {
          "k": "govt_fee_thb",
          "v": 50000
        },
        {
          "k": "tax_rate_highly_skilled",
          "v": "17%"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "company-affidavit-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/company-affidavit",
      "title": "Thai Company Affidavit (DBD) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "A Thai Company Affidavit is issued by the Department of Business Development (DBD) showing corporate status, directors, registered capital, objectives, and address. Government fee THB 200 per copy; service fee THB 1,500–3,500 with notary and translation; THB 5,500–9,500 with full MFA + embassy legalization for overseas use. Typical validity 1–3 months. Turnaround 1–3 business days domestic, 5–10 for international use.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "govt_fee_thb",
          "v": 200
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "1500-3500"
        },
        {
          "k": "with_legalization_thb",
          "v": "5500-9500"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "divorce-registration-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/divorce-registration",
      "title": "Thai Divorce Registration & International Recognition — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thailand recognizes two divorce forms: mutual consent (registered at the District Office, no government fee) and contested divorce by court judgment under Civil and Commercial Code Sections 1514–1535. For overseas use, the Divorce Certificate (Kor Ror 6) requires certified translation, MFA legalization (THB 800–1,400), and destination embassy authentication (THB 1,500–6,000). Full-service THB 6,500–14,000, 7–21 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "govt_fee_consent_thb",
          "v": 0
        },
        {
          "k": "total_service_overseas_thb",
          "v": "6500-14000"
        },
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "CCC Sections 1514-1535"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "power-of-attorney-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/power-of-attorney",
      "title": "Power of Attorney (POA) Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai Power of Attorney governed by Civil and Commercial Code Sections 797–832. General POA carries THB 30 stamp duty, Specific POA THB 10. Drafted in Thai/English by a licensed attorney, notarized by a Notarial Services Attorney (THB 2,500–5,500). For overseas use: + MFA + embassy authentication, total THB 6,500–14,000, 1–7 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "2500-5500"
        },
        {
          "k": "overseas_total_thb",
          "v": "6500-14000"
        },
        {
          "k": "stamp_duty_general",
          "v": "30 THB"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "child-adoption-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/child-adoption-documents",
      "title": "Inter-Country Adoption Documents (Thailand) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Inter-country adoption from Thailand processed by Department of Children and Youth (DCY) under the Ministry of Social Development. Thailand is a Hague Adoption Convention member. Process takes 12–24 months. Document preparation, translation, notarization, MFA, and embassy authentication for the adoptive parents' dossier costs THB 15,000–45,000 depending on document count.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "authority",
          "v": "DCY, Ministry of Social Development"
        },
        {
          "k": "hague_member",
          "v": true
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_months",
          "v": "12-24"
        },
        {
          "k": "document_set_fee_thb",
          "v": "15000-45000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "education-credential-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/education-credential-verification",
      "title": "Thai Education Credential Verification — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai degree, diploma, and transcript verification for overseas study or employment applications. Translation, notarization, MFA legalization, and embassy authentication: total THB 4,500–12,000, 5–14 days. Supports forwarding to WES (USA/Canada), IQAS (Alberta), ECE (USA), UK ENIC, VETASSESS (Australia), and ZAB anabin (Germany).",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "total_thb",
          "v": "4500-12000"
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_days",
          "v": "5-14"
        },
        {
          "k": "supported_evaluators",
          "v": "WES, IQAS, ECE, UK ENIC, VETASSESS, ZAB"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "estate-inheritance-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/estate-inheritance",
      "title": "Thai Estate Administration & Inheritance — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai estate administration is governed by Civil and Commercial Code Book VI (Sections 1599–1755). An estate administrator must be court-appointed (typically 45–90 days uncontested) before assets transfer to heirs by will or intestate succession. Overseas heirs execute a notarized, embassy-legalized Power of Attorney. Attorney service fees THB 35,000–150,000; inheritance tax applies above THB 100M estate value.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "CCC Book VI, Sections 1599-1755"
        },
        {
          "k": "court_appointment_days",
          "v": "45-90"
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "35000-150000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "name-change-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/name-change",
      "title": "Thai Name Change (Cho.3 / Cho.5) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Name change in Thailand under Person Name Act B.E. 2505. Filed at the district office (Amphoe) of household registration. Certificate Cho.3 (given name) or Cho.5 (family name) issued; government fee THB 100, processed in 1–3 days. For overseas use: certified translation + MFA + embassy legalization, total THB 5,500–12,000, 7–21 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "govt_fee_thb",
          "v": 100
        },
        {
          "k": "domestic_days",
          "v": "1-3"
        },
        {
          "k": "overseas_total_thb",
          "v": "5500-12000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "thai-citizenship-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/thai-citizenship",
      "title": "Thai Citizenship by Naturalization — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai naturalization under Nationality Act B.E. 2508 (amended 1992/2008/2012). Filed with the Nationality and Naturalization Division, Special Branch Bureau, Ministry of Interior. Requirements: PR ≥ 5 years, income ≥ THB 80,000/month, Thai language and national anthem proficiency. Govt fee THB 5,000; decision in 3–5 years. Spouses of Thai nationals get a faster path after 3 years of marriage and residency.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "pr_years",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "income_thb_monthly",
          "v": 80000
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_years",
          "v": "3-5"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "business-registration-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/business-registration",
      "title": "Thai Business Entity Registration (DBD) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai business entities registered with the Department of Business Development (DBD), Ministry of Commerce. A Limited Company requires ≥ 2 promoters (reduced from 3 in Feb 2023), minimum registered capital THB 15 (THB 1–5M recommended). Foreign-majority firms need a Foreign Business License (FBL) or BOI promotion. Service fee THB 18,000–55,000, timeline 5–14 days. US nationals may use the Treaty of Amity for 100% ownership.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "min_promoters",
          "v": 2
        },
        {
          "k": "foreign_cap_default_pct",
          "v": 49
        },
        {
          "k": "timeline_days",
          "v": "5-14"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tax-id-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/tax-id",
      "title": "Thai Tax Identification Number (TIN) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "A 13-digit Thai TIN issued by the Revenue Department under Revenue Code §3 Decem is mandatory for foreigners earning Thai-source income, owning property, or residing ≥180 days/year. Government fee THB 0; service fee THB 2,500–5,500; processing 1–3 business days. Required for PND 90/91 tax filing and Land Office transactions.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "digits",
          "v": 13
        },
        {
          "k": "residency_days",
          "v": 180
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "2500-5500"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "social-security-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/social-security",
      "title": "Thai Social Security (SSO) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "SSO registration under Social Security Act B.E. 2533 is mandatory for all employees including foreigners under Section 33. Contribution is 5% of salary capped at THB 750/month, matched by employer. Benefits include sickness, maternity, child allowance THB 800/month/child, unemployment, and old-age pension after 180 contribution months.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "contribution_pct",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "max_contribution_thb",
          "v": 750
        },
        {
          "k": "pension_months",
          "v": 180
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "property-transfer-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/property-transfer",
      "title": "Thai Property Title Transfer — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Property transfers under Land Code B.E. 2497 are executed at the local Land Office with original Chanote. Government fees ≈6.3%: 2% transfer + 0.5% stamp duty OR 3.3% SBT if held <5 years + withholding tax. Foreigners may own condos up to 49% of building floor area but not land. Service fee THB 12,000–35,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "transfer_fee_pct",
          "v": 2
        },
        {
          "k": "sbt_pct",
          "v": 3.3
        },
        {
          "k": "foreigner_condo_cap_pct",
          "v": 49
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "vehicle-registration-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/vehicle-registration",
      "title": "Thai Vehicle Registration (DLT) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Vehicle title (Lem Tabien Rot) administered by Department of Land Transport under Motor Vehicle Act B.E. 2522. Transfer fee THB 5 + plate fee THB 100; service fee THB 1,500–4,500; 1–7 days. Foreigners need a Certificate of Residence from Immigration or embassy. Annual inspection required for cars >7 years.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "transfer_fee_thb",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "plate_fee_thb",
          "v": 100
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "1500-4500"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "will-testament-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/will-testament",
      "title": "Thai Will & Testament — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai wills are governed by Civil & Commercial Code §1655-1672. Five forms recognized; ordinary written will (§1656) with 2 witnesses is most common. Minimum age 15. Witnesses must be ≥20 and not beneficiaries. Optional registration at District Office costs THB 20. Service fee THB 5,500–25,000; 1–7 days. Foreigners may make Thai wills covering Thai-situs assets.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "law",
          "v": "CCC §1655-1672"
        },
        {
          "k": "min_age",
          "v": 15
        },
        {
          "k": "witnesses",
          "v": 2
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "5500-25000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "condo-purchase-foreigner-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/condo-purchase-foreigner",
      "title": "Foreigner Condo Purchase — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Foreigners can buy Thai condominiums under Condominium Act B.E. 2522 §19 bis, capped at 49% of total unit floor area per project. Funds must be remitted from abroad with FET form ≥USD 50,000. Transfer fees ~6.3%. Service THB 25,000–85,000; 14–30 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "law",
          "v": "Condominium Act §19 bis"
        },
        {
          "k": "foreign_cap_pct",
          "v": 49
        },
        {
          "k": "fet_min_usd",
          "v": 50000
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "25000-85000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "dual-citizenship-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/dual-citizenship",
      "title": "Dual Citizenship & Renunciation — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thailand permits dual citizenship de facto under Nationality Act B.E. 2508 (amended B.E. 2535). Thai-born nationals acquiring another citizenship do not automatically lose Thai nationality. Renunciation per §13-15; service THB 8,500–25,000; 30–180 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "law",
          "v": "Nationality Act B.E. 2508 (amended 2535)"
        },
        {
          "k": "dual_status",
          "v": "permitted de facto"
        },
        {
          "k": "renunciation_days",
          "v": "30-180"
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "8500-25000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "driver-license-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/driver-license",
      "title": "Thai Driver's License & Conversion — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Department of Land Transport (DLT) issues Thai driver's licenses under Motor Vehicle Act B.E. 2522. Temporary 2-year then 5-year renewable. Fees THB 205 (car) / 105 (motorcycle); IDP THB 505. MOU-country license holders exempt from tests. Service THB 3,500–9,500; 1–14 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "law",
          "v": "Motor Vehicle Act B.E. 2522"
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_car_thb",
          "v": 205
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_idp_thb",
          "v": 505
        },
        {
          "k": "service_fee_thb",
          "v": "3500-9500"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "permanent-residence-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/permanent-residence",
      "title": "Thailand Permanent Residence — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thailand grants up to 100 PR slots per nationality per year under Immigration Act B.E. 2522 §41. Eligibility: 3 consecutive years on non-immigrant visa, income ≥ THB 80,000/month (or tax ≥ THB 100,000/yr for 2 years), basic Thai. Gov fee THB 7,600 application + 191,400 approval (95,700 spouse). Service THB 85,000–250,000; 12–24 months.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Immigration Act B.E. 2522 §41"
        },
        {
          "k": "annual_quota",
          "v": 100
        },
        {
          "k": "gov_fee_total_thb",
          "v": 199000
        },
        {
          "k": "processing_months",
          "v": "12-24"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "thailand-privilege-card-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/thailand-privilege-card",
      "title": "Thailand Privilege Card (Elite Visa) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thailand Privilege Card (rebranded 1 Oct 2023 from Thailand Elite) offers 4 tiers — Gold 5y/THB 900k, Platinum 10y/1.5M, Diamond 15y/2.5M, Reserve 20y/5M. Privilege Entry (PE) visa, 1-year stays per entry, no work rights. Service THB 25,000–75,000; 30–60 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "operator",
          "v": "Thailand Privilege Card Co., Ltd."
        },
        {
          "k": "tiers",
          "v": "Gold, Platinum, Diamond, Reserve"
        },
        {
          "k": "stay_per_entry_year",
          "v": 1
        },
        {
          "k": "work_rights",
          "v": "none"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "boi-promotion-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/boi-promotion",
      "title": "Thailand BOI Promotion — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "BOI under Investment Promotion Act B.E. 2520 grants corporate income tax exemption up to 13 years, 100% foreign ownership in restricted sectors, land ownership, and fast-track visa/work permit via One-Stop Service. Min investment THB 1M. Service THB 150,000–500,000; approval 60–90 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "max_cit_exemption_years",
          "v": 13
        },
        {
          "k": "min_investment_thb",
          "v": 1000000
        },
        {
          "k": "foreign_ownership_pct",
          "v": 100
        },
        {
          "k": "approval_days",
          "v": "60-90"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "dtv-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/dtv-visa",
      "title": "Destination Thailand Visa (DTV) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "DTV launched 15 Jul 2024: 5-year multiple-entry visa for remote workers, freelancers, soft-power participants (Muay Thai, Thai cooking, medical). 180-day stay per entry, extendable +180. Gov fee THB 10,000. Financial proof THB 500,000. Service THB 12,500–35,000; 7–21 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "launch_date",
          "v": "2024-07-15"
        },
        {
          "k": "validity_years",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "stay_per_entry_days",
          "v": 180
        },
        {
          "k": "gov_fee_thb",
          "v": 10000
        },
        {
          "k": "financial_proof_thb",
          "v": 500000
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "retirement-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/retirement-visa",
      "title": "Thailand Retirement Visa (Non-O-A / O-X) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Non-O-A: age 50+, THB 800,000 deposit OR THB 65,000/month income, mandatory insurance THB 440k IPD + 40k OPD. Non-O-X: 10-year, THB 3M deposit, limited nationalities. 90-day reporting. Service THB 18,500–55,000. Work prohibited.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "min_age",
          "v": 50
        },
        {
          "k": "o_a_deposit_thb",
          "v": 800000
        },
        {
          "k": "o_x_validity_years",
          "v": 10
        },
        {
          "k": "insurance_ipd_thb",
          "v": 440000
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "marriage-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/marriage-visa",
      "title": "Thailand Marriage Visa (Non-O spouse) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Non-O for Thai spouses: THB 400,000 deposit OR THB 40,000/month income (half retirement). 1-year, renewable. Work Permit allowed. Requires Kor.Ror.2 + Kor.Ror.3. Service THB 15,500–45,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "deposit_thb",
          "v": 400000
        },
        {
          "k": "income_thb_month",
          "v": 40000
        },
        {
          "k": "work_allowed",
          "v": true
        },
        {
          "k": "validity_years",
          "v": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "education-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/education-visa",
      "title": "Thailand Education Visa (Non-ED) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Non-ED for MOE-accredited schools (university, language, Muay Thai, cooking, diving). Initial 90 days, extendable 1-year + renewable. 80% attendance required. Work prohibited. Service THB 12,500–35,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "initial_days",
          "v": 90
        },
        {
          "k": "extension_year",
          "v": 1
        },
        {
          "k": "attendance_pct",
          "v": 80
        },
        {
          "k": "work_allowed",
          "v": false
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "medical-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/medical-visa",
      "title": "Thailand Medical Treatment Visa (Non-O MT) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Non-O Medical Treatment: up to 1-year stay at JCI hospitals (Bumrungrad, Bangkok Hospital, Samitivej). Up to 3 accompanying persons. Hospital admission letter required. Covers IVF, cosmetic, rehab, gender-affirming. Service THB 14,500–40,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "validity_initial_days",
          "v": 90
        },
        {
          "k": "extension_max_year",
          "v": 1
        },
        {
          "k": "accompanying_max",
          "v": 3
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "smart-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/smart-visa",
      "title": "Thailand SMART Visa — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "SMART Visa: 4-year visa for talent/investor/executive/startup in 13 S-Curve industries. No Work Permit required, 1-year reporting (vs 90-day), spouse+children get equal rights. Issued by BOI + Immigration. Categories T/I/E/S/O with salary THB 100k–200k or investment THB 20M minimum. Service THB 25,000–85,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "validity_years",
          "v": 4
        },
        {
          "k": "work_permit_required",
          "v": false
        },
        {
          "k": "industries_count",
          "v": 13
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "investment-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/investment-visa",
      "title": "Thailand Investment Visa (Non-IM) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Non-IM for foreigners investing ≥ THB 10M in Thai bonds, fixed deposits, or condominiums. 1-year renewable, work NOT allowed (needs separate Work Permit), spouse+children included. Service THB 18,500–55,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "min_investment_thb",
          "v": 10000000
        },
        {
          "k": "work_allowed",
          "v": false
        },
        {
          "k": "validity_years",
          "v": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "diplomatic-legalization-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/diplomatic-legalization",
      "title": "Diplomatic & Consular Legalization Chain — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai legalization chain: Notary → MFA Consular Affairs → Destination Embassy. Thailand joined Hague Apostille Convention 25 Dec 2024 — 126+ countries now skip embassy step. Total cost THB 8,500–22,000, timeline 5–18 days.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "apostille_member_since",
          "v": "2024-12-25"
        },
        {
          "k": "total_thb_min",
          "v": 8500
        },
        {
          "k": "days_max",
          "v": 18
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "fba-license-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/fba-license",
      "title": "Foreign Business License (FBL/FBA) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Foreign Business License under FBA B.E. 2542. Required when foreign shareholding ≥ 50% in List 2 (Cabinet approval) or List 3 (DBD approval) activities. Min capital THB 3M. Alternatives: BOI Promotion, US-Thai Treaty of Amity. Processing 60–90 days, service THB 65,000–250,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542"
        },
        {
          "k": "min_capital_thb",
          "v": 3000000
        },
        {
          "k": "processing_days",
          "v": "60-90"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tourist-visa-extension-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/tourist-visa-extension",
      "title": "Tourist Visa Extension Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai Immigration tourist stay extension: visa-exempt 60→90 days (since 15 Jul 2024), TR +30 days. Gov fee THB 1,900, same-day processing. Form TM.7 + photo + passport copies + TM.30. One extension per entry only.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "gov_fee_thb",
          "v": 1900
        },
        {
          "k": "extension_days",
          "v": 30
        },
        {
          "k": "visa_exempt_days",
          "v": 60
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "re-entry-permit-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/re-entry-permit",
      "title": "Re-Entry Permit Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Re-Entry Permit preserves Thai long-stay visa when departing: Single THB 1,000, Multiple THB 3,800. Without it visa becomes void. Available at Immigration offices and major airports (Suvarnabhumi, Don Mueang, Phuket, Chiang Mai).",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "single_thb",
          "v": 1000
        },
        {
          "k": "multiple_thb",
          "v": 3800
        },
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Immigration Act §39"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "90-day-reporting-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/90-day-reporting",
      "title": "90-Day Reporting Thailand (TM.47) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Foreigners staying 90+ consecutive days must file TM.47 address report. Free if on-time, THB 2,000 fine if late (THB 5,000 if arrested). Channels: in-person, mail (7 days prior), online portal, agent. Counter resets when leaving Thailand.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "form",
          "v": "TM.47"
        },
        {
          "k": "late_fine_thb",
          "v": 2000
        },
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Immigration Act §37(5)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tm30-housing-report-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/tm30",
      "title": "TM.30 Housing Notification Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "TM.30 is the landlord/hotel duty to report foreigner residence within 24 hours of arrival. Fines THB 800–2,000 (individual) or THB 2,000–10,000 (business). Required for 90-day reports and visa extensions. Online via section38.immigration.go.th.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "deadline_hours",
          "v": 24
        },
        {
          "k": "fine_individual_thb",
          "v": "800-2000"
        },
        {
          "k": "legal_basis",
          "v": "Immigration Act §38"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "work-permit-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/work-permit",
      "title": "Thailand Work Permit (WP.1) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Foreigners working in Thailand need a Work Permit (WP.3 pre-approval → WP.1 booklet). Requires Non-B visa, employer ≥ THB 2M capital per foreigner, 4 Thai employees per 1 foreigner. Gov fee THB 6,000/2y. Working without WP = THB 5K-50K fine + deportation; employer fined THB 10K-100K per worker.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "permit",
          "v": "WP.1"
        },
        {
          "k": "ratio_thai_to_foreigner",
          "v": "4:1"
        },
        {
          "k": "employer_capital_per_foreigner_thb",
          "v": 2000000
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_2y_thb",
          "v": 6000
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ltr-visa-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/ltr-visa",
      "title": "Thailand LTR 10-Year Visa — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Long-Term Resident visa (5+5 years) by BOI for 4 categories: Wealthy Global Citizen, Wealthy Pensioner, Work-from-Thailand Professional, Highly-Skilled Professional. HSP enjoys 17% flat tax. Digital Work Permit, annual reporting (vs 90-day), fast-track immigration. Gov fee THB 50,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "duration_years",
          "v": "10 (5+5)"
        },
        {
          "k": "categories",
          "v": 4
        },
        {
          "k": "flat_tax_hsp",
          "v": "17%"
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_thb",
          "v": 50000
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "thai-tax-residency-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/thai-tax-residency",
      "title": "Thai Tax Residency & Foreign Income Por.161/162 — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "180+ days in Thailand = tax resident. From 1 Jan 2024 (Por.161), foreign-sourced income REMITTED to Thailand is taxable regardless of earning year. Pre-2024 income grandfathered (Por.162). LTR holders exempt. Brackets 0-35%. DTA credits available.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "residency_threshold_days",
          "v": 180
        },
        {
          "k": "rule_effective",
          "v": "2024-01-01"
        },
        {
          "k": "top_bracket",
          "v": "35%"
        },
        {
          "k": "ltr_exemption",
          "v": "Royal Decree 743"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "marriage-registration-foreigner-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/marriage-registration-foreigner",
      "title": "Thai-Foreigner Marriage Registration — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Free registration at any District Office. Foreigner needs Affirmation of Freedom to Marry from embassy → Thai translation → MFA legalization (THB 800/page). From 22 Jan 2025 same-sex marriage fully legal. Total prep 5-15 business days, same-day registration. Kor.Ror.3 certificate issued.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "gov_fee_registration_thb",
          "v": 0
        },
        {
          "k": "mfa_legalization_per_page_thb",
          "v": 800
        },
        {
          "k": "marriage_equality_effective",
          "v": "2025-01-22"
        },
        {
          "k": "certificate",
          "v": "Kor.Ror.3"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "company-registration-thailand-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/company-registration",
      "title": "Thai Company Registration (Co., Ltd.) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai Co., Ltd. needs min 2 founders (down from 3 since 7 Feb 2023), 1 THB min capital with ≥25% paid-up. Foreign ownership capped at 49% unless BOI/Treaty/FBL. Gov fee ~THB 5,500 per 1M capital. Processing 1-3 business days. VAT registration required at THB 1.8M/yr revenue.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "min_founders",
          "v": 2
        },
        {
          "k": "foreign_cap_pct",
          "v": 49
        },
        {
          "k": "vat_threshold_thb",
          "v": 1800000
        },
        {
          "k": "processing_days",
          "v": "1-3"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "vat-registration-thailand-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/vat-registration",
      "title": "Thai VAT Registration (ภ.พ.01) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Mandatory VAT registration when revenue exceeds THB 1.8M/yr (within 30 days). Current rate 7% (extended to 30 Sep 2026). Export 0%. Monthly ภ.พ.30 filing due day 15. Late filing penalty 2-20% + 1.5%/month interest. Form ภ.พ.01 filed at Revenue Department.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "threshold_thb",
          "v": 1800000
        },
        {
          "k": "rate_pct",
          "v": 7
        },
        {
          "k": "filing_form",
          "v": "ภ.พ.30"
        },
        {
          "k": "deadline_day",
          "v": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "e-visa-thailand-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/e-visa",
      "title": "Thailand e-Visa Online — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Global e-Visa launched 1 Jan 2025 via thaievisa.go.th. Covers all visa types except Diplomatic/Official. No physical passport submission — PDF delivered by email. Processing 5-15 business days. Same fees as sticker visa. Replaces VOA and embassy submission in most cases.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "launch_date",
          "v": "2025-01-01"
        },
        {
          "k": "portal",
          "v": "thaievisa.go.th"
        },
        {
          "k": "delivery",
          "v": "PDF email"
        },
        {
          "k": "processing_days",
          "v": "5-15"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "residence-certificate-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/residence-certificate",
      "title": "Certificate of Residence for Foreigners — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Required for Thai driving license, vehicle/condo purchase, bank account, marriage. Issued free by Immigration Bureau (form STM.2, 1-30 days) or by embassy (USD 15-50, same-day to 3 days). 30-day validity. Requires TM.30 + rental contract + landlord ID + passport.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "validity_days",
          "v": 30
        },
        {
          "k": "gov_fee_thb",
          "v": 0
        },
        {
          "k": "form",
          "v": "STM.2"
        },
        {
          "k": "requires",
          "v": "TM.30"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "personal-income-tax-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/personal-tax",
      "title": "Thai Personal Income Tax (PIT) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Thai tax residents (180+ days/year) pay progressive PIT 0-35% on worldwide income remitted to Thailand (Por.161/162 effective Jan 2024). Filing deadline: 31 March (paper) / 8 April (online) via ภ.ง.ด.90/91. Personal allowance THB 60,000, spouse THB 60,000, child THB 30,000 each.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "residency_days",
          "v": 180
        },
        {
          "k": "tax_free_threshold_thb",
          "v": 150000
        },
        {
          "k": "top_rate_pct",
          "v": 35
        },
        {
          "k": "filing_deadline",
          "v": "31 March / 8 April online"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "corporate-income-tax-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/corporate-tax",
      "title": "Thai Corporate Income Tax (CIT) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Standard CIT rate 20% on net profit. SMEs (capital ≤5M, revenue ≤30M) enjoy 0% on first THB 300k, 15% on 300k-3M, 20% above. Annual filing ภ.ง.ด.50 within 150 days; half-year ภ.ง.ด.51 within 2 months. BOI companies enjoy 3-13 year tax holiday.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "standard_rate_pct",
          "v": 20
        },
        {
          "k": "annual_deadline_days",
          "v": 150
        },
        {
          "k": "boi_holiday_years",
          "v": "3-13"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "withholding-tax-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/accounting",
      "title": "Thai Withholding Tax (WHT) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Payers withhold tax at source and remit by 7th of next month (15th if online). Common rates: services 3%, rent 5%, advertising 2%, transport 1%. Foreign payments via ภ.ง.ด.54 at 15% (dividends 10%) unless reduced by DTA.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "service_rate_pct",
          "v": 3
        },
        {
          "k": "rent_rate_pct",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "foreign_default_pct",
          "v": 15
        },
        {
          "k": "deadline_day",
          "v": 7
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "social-security-thailand-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/social-security",
      "title": "Thai Social Security (SSO) — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Employers register within 30 days of first hire. Contribution 5% of salary (capped at THB 15,000 base → max THB 750/month each side). Monthly filing สปส.1-10 due by 15th. Covers 7 cases including old age and unemployment. Applies to foreigners with work permits.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "contribution_rate_pct",
          "v": 5
        },
        {
          "k": "salary_cap_thb",
          "v": 15000
        },
        {
          "k": "max_contribution_thb",
          "v": 750
        },
        {
          "k": "coverage_cases",
          "v": 7
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-ownership-foreigner-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/land-ownership-foreigner",
      "title": "Foreigner Land Ownership in Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Foreigners are prohibited from owning land in Thailand under Land Code §86. Three legal pathways exist: (1) BOI/EEC promotion, (2) THB 40M investment held 5 years allows up to 1 rai for residential use (§96 bis), (3) inheritance from Thai spouse (must dispose within 1 year). Condos: up to 49% of building area. Long-term lease 30 years (renewable) is the popular alternative.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "investment_thb",
          "v": "40000000"
        },
        {
          "k": "condo_quota_pct",
          "v": "49"
        },
        {
          "k": "lease_max_years",
          "v": "30"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "usufruct-superficies-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/usufruct-superficies",
      "title": "Usufruct & Superficies for Foreigners — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Usufruct (CCC §§1417-1428) grants foreigners lifetime right to use and enjoy land/house — registered at Land Office for 1% fee. Superficies (CCC §§1410-1416) grants right to own buildings separate from land, transferable and inheritable, ≤30 years renewable. Both are alternatives to 30-year lease.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "usufruct_duration",
          "v": "lifetime"
        },
        {
          "k": "superficies_years",
          "v": "30"
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_pct",
          "v": "1"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "prenuptial-agreement-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/prenuptial-agreement",
      "title": "Prenuptial Agreement Thailand — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Prenuptial agreements in Thailand (CCC §§1465-1469) must be registered simultaneously with marriage at the district office — post-marriage prenups are void. Requires 2 witnesses, sworn translation for foreign spouse, and notary recommended. Cannot override child custody or support obligations.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "timing",
          "v": "before/at marriage only"
        },
        {
          "k": "witnesses",
          "v": "2"
        },
        {
          "k": "fee_thb",
          "v": "20"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "visa-on-arrival-overview",
      "url": "https://xn--82czbx2bczd4fl8a.online/services/visa-on-arrival",
      "title": "Thailand Visa Exemption & VOA — Overview",
      "lang": "en",
      "text": "Since 15 Jul 2024, Thailand offers 60-day visa exemption to 93 countries (extendable +30 days). Visa on Arrival (VOA) for 31 countries grants 15 days at THB 2,000. Requires passport valid 6+ months, onward ticket within 60 days, and proof of THB 10,000/person funds. Overstay fine THB 500/day, max 20,000.",
      "facts": [
        {
          "k": "exempt_countries",
          "v": "93"
        },
        {
          "k": "exempt_days",
          "v": "60"
        },
        {
          "k": "voa_days",
          "v": "15"
        },
        {
          "k": "voa_fee_thb",
          "v": "2000"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "last-will-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/last-will-thailand.json",
      "topic": "พินัยกรรมในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "5 รูปแบบพินัยกรรมตาม ปพพ. §1655-1672, ผู้จัดการมรดกต้องศาลตั้ง, ภาษีมรดก 5-10% เกิน 100M THB",
      "keywords": [
        "พินัยกรรม",
        "last will",
        "testament",
        "มรดก",
        "inheritance",
        "executor",
        "probate Thailand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "power-of-attorney-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/power-of-attorney-thailand.json",
      "topic": "หนังสือมอบอำนาจ",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "POA แบบ ก.อำเภอ/ท.ด.21/อ.ช.21, อากร 30 บาท, ไทยรับ Apostille 14 ม.ค. 2026",
      "keywords": [
        "หนังสือมอบอำนาจ",
        "power of attorney",
        "POA",
        "ท.ด.21",
        "Apostille Thailand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "divorce-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/divorce-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การหย่าในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "หย่ายินยอม §1514 ที่อำเภอ vs หย่าฟ้อง §1516 เหตุ 12 ประการ, แบ่งสินสมรส 50:50",
      "keywords": [
        "หย่า",
        "divorce",
        "Thailand",
        "§1516",
        "สินสมรส",
        "custody"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "child-adoption-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/child-adoption-thailand.json",
      "topic": "รับบุตรบุญธรรม",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "รับเด็กบุญธรรม DSDW + ทดลอง 6 เดือน, intercountry ผ่าน Hague 1993",
      "keywords": [
        "บุตรบุญธรรม",
        "adoption",
        "intercountry adoption",
        "Hague Convention",
        "DSDW"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "trademark-registration-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/trademark-registration-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การจดทะเบียนเครื่องหมายการค้าในไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "DIP, 45 Nice classes, fee 1,000 THB/class, 10y protection, Madrid Protocol since 2017",
      "keywords": [
        "trademark",
        "เครื่องหมายการค้า",
        "DIP",
        "Madrid Protocol",
        "Nice Classification"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "copyright-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/copyright-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ลิขสิทธิ์ในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Automatic protection, life+50y, Berne member since 1931, deposit fee 200 THB",
      "keywords": [
        "copyright",
        "ลิขสิทธิ์",
        "Berne Convention",
        "DIP",
        "automatic protection"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "nda-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/nda-thailand.json",
      "topic": "สัญญารักษาความลับ NDA",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Trade Secrets Act B.E.2545, stamp 5 THB, choice of law + arbitration allowed",
      "keywords": [
        "NDA",
        "non-disclosure",
        "trade secret",
        "ความลับทางการค้า",
        "confidentiality"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "employment-contract-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/employment-contract-thailand.json",
      "topic": "สัญญาจ้างงานในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Labor Protection Act 2541 (amended 2019), severance up to 400 days, probation ≤119 days",
      "keywords": [
        "employment",
        "labor",
        "สัญญาจ้าง",
        "severance",
        "ค่าชดเชย",
        "non-compete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "patent-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/patent-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การจดสิทธิบัตรในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "3 patent types (Invention 20y, Design 10y, Petty 10y), PCT member since 2009",
      "keywords": [
        "patent",
        "สิทธิบัตร",
        "อนุสิทธิบัตร",
        "PCT",
        "DIP",
        "invention"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "pdpa-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/pdpa-thailand.json",
      "topic": "PDPA คุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "PDPA B.E.2562 effective 2022-06-01, 7 legal bases, fine up to 5M THB, 72h breach notice",
      "keywords": [
        "PDPA",
        "data protection",
        "privacy",
        "DPO",
        "PDPC",
        "data breach"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "aml-kyc-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/aml-kyc-thailand.json",
      "topic": "AML/KYC ในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "AMLA B.E.2542 (amended 2022), AMLO, CTR ≥2M THB, 29 predicate offences, FATF APG member",
      "keywords": [
        "AML",
        "KYC",
        "AMLO",
        "ฟอกเงิน",
        "FATF",
        "STR",
        "CTR"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "civil-litigation-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/civil-litigation-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การฟ้องคดีแพ่งในประเทศไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "3 court levels, court fee 2% cap 200k THB, general prescription 10y, NY Convention member",
      "keywords": [
        "litigation",
        "ฟ้องคดี",
        "civil procedure",
        "อายุความ",
        "arbitration",
        "court fee"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "boi-promotion-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/boi-promotion-thailand.json",
      "topic": "BOI Promotion ส่งเสริมการลงทุน",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Investment Promotion Act 2520, CIT exemption up to 13y, 100% foreign ownership, land ownership allowed",
      "keywords": [
        "BOI",
        "ส่งเสริมการลงทุน",
        "tax incentive",
        "EV",
        "BCG",
        "foreign investment"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "customs-import-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/customs-import-thailand.json",
      "topic": "พิธีการศุลกากรนำเข้า-ส่งออก",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "e-Customs + NSW, AHTN 8-digit, VAT 7% on CIF+duty, 14 FTAs, AEO program available",
      "keywords": [
        "customs",
        "ศุลกากร",
        "import",
        "export",
        "FTA",
        "AEO",
        "HS Code"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "fda-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/fda-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การขึ้นทะเบียนกับ Thai FDA (อย.)",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "6 product categories, e-Submission via OSSC + Skynet, ASEAN harmonized for cosmetic + medical device",
      "keywords": [
        "FDA",
        "อย.",
        "food registration",
        "drug registration",
        "cosmetic notification",
        "medical device"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "condo-purchase-foreigner-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/condo-purchase-foreigner.json",
      "topic": "ต่างชาติซื้อคอนโดมิเนียมในไทย",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Condominium Act 2522 §19, 49% foreign quota, FET required ≥50k USD, transfer fee 2%",
      "keywords": [
        "condo",
        "คอนโด",
        "foreign quota",
        "FET",
        "Condominium Act",
        "leasehold"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "work-permit-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/work-permit-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Work Permit ใบอนุญาตทำงานชาวต่างชาติ",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Foreign Employment Decree 2560, 4:1 Thai-foreign ratio, 2M THB capital per WP, 40 prohibited jobs",
      "keywords": [
        "work permit",
        "ใบอนุญาตทำงาน",
        "DOE",
        "BOI fast-track",
        "DTV",
        "foreign worker"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ltr-visa-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/ltr-visa-thailand.json",
      "topic": "LTR Visa 10-Year Long-Term Resident",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "10-year visa launched 2022, 4 categories (WGC/Pensioner/WFTP/HSP), 17% flat PIT for HSP",
      "keywords": [
        "LTR",
        "long-term resident",
        "10-year visa",
        "BOI",
        "digital nomad",
        "pensioner"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "e-tax-invoice-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/e-tax-invoice-thailand.json",
      "topic": "e-Tax Invoice ใบกำกับภาษีอิเล็กทรอนิกส์",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "XML UBL 2.1 + Class 4 digital cert, e-WHT reduced 3% → 1% until 2027, RD + ETDA",
      "keywords": [
        "e-tax invoice",
        "e-receipt",
        "e-WHT",
        "ETDA",
        "digital certificate",
        "ใบกำกับภาษี"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "business-registration-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/business-registration-thailand.json",
      "topic": "จดทะเบียนบริษัท Business Registration",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "DBD e-Registration, min 2 founders since Feb 2023, 49% foreign cap, FBL/BOI/Amity exceptions",
      "keywords": [
        "business registration",
        "DBD",
        "Co.,Ltd.",
        "FBL",
        "Treaty of Amity",
        "จดทะเบียนบริษัท"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "labor-court-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/labor-court-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ศาลแรงงาน Labor Court Thailand",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Labor Court Act 1979 — free court fees, severance up to 400 days, unfair dismissal §49, 10-year limitation",
      "keywords": [
        "labor court",
        "ศาลแรงงาน",
        "severance",
        "ค่าชดเชย",
        "unfair dismissal",
        "§118"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "consumer-protection-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/consumer-protection-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การคุ้มครองผู้บริโภค Consumer Protection",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "OCPB + Consumer Case Procedure Act 2008 — free court fees, reversed burden of proof, product liability 3/10 yr",
      "keywords": [
        "consumer protection",
        "สคบ.",
        "OCPB",
        "product liability",
        "1166",
        "ผู้บริโภค"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "lease-agreement-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/lease-agreement-thailand.json",
      "topic": "สัญญาเช่าอสังหาริมทรัพย์ Lease Agreement",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "CCC §537-571 — max 30 yr lease, registration required >3yr, 1% fee, BOI 50yr, OCPB residential rules",
      "keywords": [
        "lease",
        "สัญญาเช่า",
        "30-year lease",
        "land lease",
        "rental deposit",
        "OCPB 2018"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "franchise-law-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/franchise-law-thailand.json",
      "topic": "กฎหมายแฟรนไชส์ Franchise Law",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "OTCC Notification 2019 — 15-day disclosure, banned tying/RPM, max penalty 10% revenue, no specific Franchise Act",
      "keywords": [
        "franchise",
        "แฟรนไชส์",
        "OTCC",
        "disclosure",
        "master franchise",
        "royalty"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "securities-sec-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/securities-sec-thailand.json",
      "topic": "กฎหมายหลักทรัพย์ Securities & SEC",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "SEC Act 1992 + Digital Asset Decree 2018 — insider trading 5yr+2x fine, 5% disclosure, 7 DA license types, 15% crypto WHT",
      "keywords": [
        "SEC",
        "ก.ล.ต.",
        "insider trading",
        "IPO",
        "digital asset",
        "crypto tax",
        "ICO"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "cybercrime-act-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/cybercrime-act-thailand.json",
      "topic": "พรบ.คอมพิวเตอร์ Computer Crime Act",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Computer Crime Act 2007/2017 — §14 false data 5yr, §15 platform liability, 90-day traffic log retention",
      "keywords": [
        "computer crime",
        "พรบ.คอม",
        "section 14",
        "cybercrime",
        "ISP liability",
        "fake news"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "anti-corruption-nacc-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/anti-corruption-nacc-thailand.json",
      "topic": "กฎหมายต่อต้านทุจริต NACC",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "NACC Act 2018 — §123/5 corporate liability, Adequate Procedures defence, no statute of limitations, 60-day asset declaration",
      "keywords": [
        "NACC",
        "ป.ป.ช.",
        "anti-corruption",
        "bribery",
        "FCPA",
        "adequate procedures",
        "asset declaration"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "insurance-oic-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/insurance-oic-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ประกันภัย Insurance & OIC",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "OIC + Insurance Acts 1992 — free-look 15/30 days, 2yr claim limitation, CMI 30K medical / 500K death, Utmost Good Faith",
      "keywords": [
        "insurance",
        "คปภ.",
        "OIC",
        "free look",
        "motor insurance",
        "พรบ.รถยนต์",
        "utmost good faith"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "tax-appeal-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/tax-appeal-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การอุทธรณ์ภาษีและศาลภาษีอากร Tax Appeal",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Revenue Code + Tax Court Act 1985 — 30-day appeal, 1.5%/month surcharge, no automatic stay, Central Tax Court 200 THB fee",
      "keywords": [
        "tax appeal",
        "อุทธรณ์ภาษี",
        "ศาลภาษีอากร",
        "กพอ.",
        "surcharge",
        "penalty",
        "รัษฎากร"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "eia-environmental-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/eia-environmental-thailand.json",
      "topic": "EIA/EHIA สิ่งแวดล้อม Environmental Impact Assessment",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "NEQA 1992 (amended 2018) — 35 EIA categories, 12 EHIA, ONEP 45-day review, 5-year validity, max 1M THB fine",
      "keywords": [
        "EIA",
        "EHIA",
        "สผ.",
        "ONEP",
        "environmental",
        "สิ่งแวดล้อม",
        "Maptaphut",
        "public hearing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-code-chanote-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/land-code-chanote-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ประมวลกฎหมายที่ดิน โฉนด Land Code & Chanote",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Land Code 1954 — 7 title types, Chanote = full ownership, foreigners banned §86 (BOI/inheritance exceptions), 2% transfer fee",
      "keywords": [
        "land code",
        "โฉนด",
        "Chanote",
        "น.ส.4จ",
        "น.ส.3ก",
        "สปก.",
        "title deed",
        "foreign land ownership"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "public-company-set-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/public-company-set-thailand.json",
      "topic": "บริษัทมหาชนและตลาดหลักทรัพย์ Public Company & SET Listing",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "PLC Act 1992 + SEA 1992 — 15 founders, 5 directors, SET 300M capital / mai 50M, 12-month IPO lockup, 1.5-3yr prep",
      "keywords": [
        "public company",
        "บริษัทมหาชน",
        "SET",
        "mai",
        "IPO",
        "listing",
        "ก.ล.ต.",
        "free float"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "bankruptcy-insolvency-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/bankruptcy-insolvency-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ล้มละลายและฟื้นฟูกิจการ Bankruptcy & Rehabilitation",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Bankruptcy Act 1940 — individual debt threshold 1M, corporate 2M, rehab 10M, auto-discharge 3yr, 2/3 creditor approval",
      "keywords": [
        "bankruptcy",
        "ล้มละลาย",
        "ฟื้นฟูกิจการ",
        "rehabilitation",
        "automatic stay",
        "central bankruptcy court"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "family-court-custody-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/family-court-custody-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ศาลเยาวชนและครอบครัว อำนาจปกครองและค่าอุปการะ",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Family Court Act 2010 + CCC Book V — custody best-interest, child support 5-30K THB/month, mandatory mediation",
      "keywords": [
        "family court",
        "ศาลเยาวชน",
        "custody",
        "อำนาจปกครอง",
        "child support",
        "ค่าอุปการะ",
        "divorce"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "trade-competition-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/trade-competition-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การแข่งขันทางการค้าและการควบรวม Trade Competition & M&A",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "TCA 2017 — dominant 50%+1B THB, pre-merger 90-day review, cartel jail 2yr + 10% fine, leniency 100% first whistleblower",
      "keywords": [
        "trade competition",
        "การแข่งขันทางการค้า",
        "OTCC",
        "กขค.",
        "merger",
        "cartel",
        "M&A"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "public-procurement-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/public-procurement-thailand.json",
      "topic": "การจัดซื้อจัดจ้างภาครัฐ e-GP Public Procurement",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "PPA 2017 — e-bidding ≥500K, MiT 10% preference, 5% bid bond, blacklist 2yr, complaint 7-day deadline",
      "keywords": [
        "public procurement",
        "จัดซื้อจัดจ้าง",
        "e-GP",
        "Made in Thailand",
        "กรมบัญชีกลาง",
        "blacklist"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "immigration-act-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/immigration-act-thailand.json",
      "topic": "พรบ.คนเข้าเมือง Immigration Act & Stay in Thailand",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Immigration Act 1979 — 90-day report, TM.30 24hr, overstay 500/day max 20K, blacklist 1-10yr, PR quota 100/country/yr",
      "keywords": [
        "immigration act",
        "พรบ.คนเข้าเมือง",
        "90-day report",
        "TM.30",
        "overstay",
        "blacklist",
        "permanent resident",
        "PR"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "personal-income-tax-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/personal-income-tax-thailand.json",
      "topic": "ภาษีเงินได้บุคคลธรรมดา Personal Income Tax PIT",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "PIT progressive 0-35%, file PND.90/91 by Mar 31, allowances 60K personal + 500K RMF/SSF/ThaiESG, foreign income remit rule 2024",
      "keywords": [
        "personal income tax",
        "ภาษีเงินได้บุคคลธรรมดา",
        "ภงด.90",
        "ภงด.91",
        "RMF",
        "SSF",
        "ThaiESG",
        "tax allowance",
        "foreign income"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "construction-contract-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/construction-contract-thailand.json",
      "topic": "สัญญาก่อสร้างและความรับผิดผู้รับเหมา Construction Contract",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "CCC §587-607 hire of work, 5-year defect liability §600, Building Permit อ.1, engineer required >150sqm, FIDIC arbitration",
      "keywords": [
        "construction contract",
        "สัญญาก่อสร้าง",
        "ผู้รับเหมา",
        "อ.1",
        "building permit",
        "FIDIC",
        "retention",
        "performance bond"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "nbtc-telecom-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/nbtc-telecom-thailand.json",
      "topic": "NBTC Telecom & Broadcasting Thailand",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "NBTC 3 license types, foreign cap 49%, 5G spectrum auction, USO 2.5%, content regulation §37 broadcasting",
      "keywords": [
        "NBTC",
        "กสทช.",
        "telecom license",
        "spectrum auction",
        "5G Thailand",
        "foreign ownership 49%",
        "broadcasting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "arbitration-thac-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/arbitration-thac-thailand.json",
      "topic": "อนุญาโตตุลาการ Arbitration TAI/THAC Thailand",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Arbitration Act 2545 UNCITRAL Model, TAI/THAC institutions, NY Convention enforcement, §40 set-aside grounds",
      "keywords": [
        "arbitration",
        "อนุญาโตตุลาการ",
        "TAI",
        "THAC",
        "UNCITRAL",
        "New York Convention",
        "set aside",
        "section 40"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "trademark-patent-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/trademark-patent-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Trademark & Patent Thailand เครื่องหมายการค้าและสิทธิบัตร",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "DIP trademark 10yr renewable, Madrid Protocol member 2017, invention patent 20yr, petty patent 10yr, PCT, IP court",
      "keywords": [
        "trademark",
        "เครื่องหมายการค้า",
        "patent",
        "สิทธิบัตร",
        "อนุสิทธิบัตร",
        "Madrid Protocol",
        "PCT",
        "DIP",
        "ศาลทรัพย์สินทางปัญญา"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "boi-promotion-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/boi-promotion-thailand.json",
      "topic": "BOI Promotion Thailand การส่งเสริมการลงทุน",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "BOI categories A1-B, CIT exemption 3-13yr, 100% foreign ownership, land ownership, Smart Visa, EEC bonus, BCG/EV/digital",
      "keywords": [
        "BOI",
        "สกท.",
        "investment promotion",
        "CIT exemption",
        "tax holiday",
        "EEC",
        "Smart Visa",
        "S-curve",
        "BCG"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "foreign-business-act-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/foreign-business-act-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Foreign Business Act FBA Thailand พรบ.การประกอบธุรกิจคนต่างด้าว",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "FBA 2542 List 1/2/3 restrictions, FBL/FBC license, US Treaty of Amity, BOI override, nominee prohibition, 100% workaround",
      "keywords": [
        "Foreign Business Act",
        "FBA",
        "FBL",
        "คนต่างด้าว",
        "DBD",
        "Treaty of Amity",
        "nominee",
        "List 3 services"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "energy-erc-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/energy-erc-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Energy & ERC Thailand พลังงาน กกพ.",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Energy Industry Act 2550, ERC license 6 types, VSPP/SPP/IPP, Solar Rooftop, Ft adjustment, PDP RE 51% by 2580",
      "keywords": [
        "พลังงาน",
        "กกพ.",
        "ERC",
        "solar rooftop",
        "VSPP",
        "SPP",
        "IPP",
        "Ft",
        "PDP",
        "RE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "fda-public-health-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/fda-public-health-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Thai FDA Health Products อย. ผลิตภัณฑ์สุขภาพ",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Thai FDA 6 categories, food serial 13-digit, cosmetic notification, medical device Class I-IV, cannabis THC <=0.2%",
      "keywords": [
        "อย.",
        "Thai FDA",
        "food serial",
        "cosmetic",
        "medical device",
        "กัญชา",
        "THC",
        "CBD",
        "ฆอ."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "digital-asset-crypto-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/digital-asset-crypto-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Digital Asset Crypto Thailand สินทรัพย์ดิจิทัล",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "Emergency Decree on Digital Asset 2561, SEC license 5 types, crypto payment ban Apr 2022, 15% capital gains, ICO Portal",
      "keywords": [
        "crypto",
        "digital asset",
        "สินทรัพย์ดิจิทัล",
        "SEC",
        "ICO",
        "Bitkub",
        "tax 15%",
        "stablecoin",
        "CBDC"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ai-governance-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/ai-governance-thailand.json",
      "topic": "AI Governance Thailand กฎหมาย AI",
      "lang": [
        "th",
        "en"
      ],
      "summary": "No AI Act yet, PDPA + Computer Crime + Copyright apply, ETDA ethics 6 principles, draft risk-based AI bill, deepfake under existing laws",
      "keywords": [
        "AI",
        "ปัญญาประดิษฐ์",
        "PDPA",
        "ChatGPT",
        "deepfake",
        "AI Act",
        "ETDA",
        "PDPC",
        "generative AI"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "amlo-aml-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/amlo-aml-thailand.json",
      "topic": "AMLO AML Thailand ปปง. ฟอกเงิน",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "AML Act 2542, 21 predicate offences, CTR 2M / wire 0.7M, STR 7 days, PEPs EDD, civil forfeiture, FATF off grey list 2566",
      "keywords": ["ปปง.", "AMLO", "ฟอกเงิน", "AML", "KYC", "CTR", "STR", "PEPs", "FATF", "ริบทรัพย์"]
    },
    {
      "id": "customs-import-export-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/customs-import-export-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Customs Import Export Thailand ศุลกากร",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "Customs Act 2560, AHTN 8-digit HS2022, MFN 11.5% avg, FTA Form D/E/AK/RCEP, NSW, AEO Green Lane, personal duty-free 20k THB",
      "keywords": ["ศุลกากร", "customs", "นำเข้า", "ส่งออก", "FTA", "Form D", "AEO", "NSW", "tariff", "duty"]
    },
    {
      "id": "excise-tax-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/excise-tax-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Excise Tax Thailand สรรพสามิต",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "Excise Act 2560, SRP-based, car CO2 1-50%, EV 2%, sugar tax phase 4, beer 430 THB/L PA, whisky 1000 THB/L PA, e-Stamp",
      "keywords": ["สรรพสามิต", "excise", "รถยนต์", "EV", "sugar tax", "เบียร์", "สุรา", "บุหรี่", "SRP", "e-Stamp"]
    },
    {
      "id": "labour-court-employment-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/labour-court-employment-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Labour Court Employment Thailand ศาลแรงงาน",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "Labour Protection 2541, Labour Court 2522, severance 30-400 days, unfair dismissal §49, 2yr wage prescription, free filing",
      "keywords": ["ศาลแรงงาน", "labour court", "ค่าชดเชย", "เลิกจ้าง", "unfair dismissal", "OT", "ค่าจ้าง", "สสค.", "ประกันสังคม"]
    },
    {
      "id": "land-transport-dlt-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/land-transport-dlt-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Land Transport DLT Thailand กรมการขนส่งทางบก",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "Motor Vehicle 2522 + Land Transport 2522, plate white/yellow/red, license บ.1-ท.4, inspection ตรอ. 7yr car/5yr bike, EV tax -80%, IDP Vienna 1968",
      "keywords": ["ขนส่งทางบก", "DLT", "ใบขับขี่", "ป้ายทะเบียน", "ต่อภาษีรถ", "ตรอ.", "พรบ.รถยนต์", "IDP", "EV"]
    },
    {
      "id": "marine-department-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/marine-department-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Marine Department Thailand กรมเจ้าท่า",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "Navigation 2456 + Thai Vessels 2481, Thai flag ≥70%, STCW 2010, foreign yacht FYC + temp import, §117 encroachment 3yr/30k, AIS ≥300GT",
      "keywords": ["กรมเจ้าท่า", "marine", "เรือ", "เรือไทย", "STCW", "yacht", "ท่าเรือ", "สิ่งล่วงล้ำลำน้ำ", "AIS"]
    },
    {
      "id": "caat-aviation-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/caat-aviation-thailand.json",
      "topic": "CAAT Aviation Drone Thailand การบินพลเรือน โดรน",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "CAAT Act 2558, ICAO Red Flag cleared 2560, AOC/AMO/ATO/PPL-ATPL, drone ≥2kg or camera register, 90m max alt, 9km airport, 1MTHB insurance",
      "keywords": ["CAAT", "การบินพลเรือน", "โดรน", "UAV", "AOC", "นักบิน", "ICAO", "STCW", "สนามบิน", "กสทช."]
    },
    {
      "id": "narcotics-control-thailand-overview",
      "source": "/answer-pack/narcotics-control-thailand.json",
      "topic": "Narcotics Code Thailand ยาเสพติด ป.ป.ส.",
      "lang": ["th", "en"],
      "summary": "Narcotics Code 2564, 5 categories, cannabis delisted 2565 (THC>0.2% controlled), kratom legal 2564, treatment over punishment, civil forfeiture",
      "keywords": ["ยาเสพติด", "ป.ป.ส.", "ONCB", "กัญชา", "กระท่อม", "ยาบ้า", "methamphetamine", "บำบัด", "ประมวลยาเสพติด"]
    }
  ]
}